这是机器未来的第4篇文章

写在前面：

• 博客简介：专注AIoT领域，追逐未来时代的脉搏，记录路途中的技术成长！

• 专栏简介：记录博主从0到1掌握物体检测工作流的过程，具备自定义物体检测器的能力

• 面向人群：具备深度学习理论基础的学生或初级开发者

• 专栏计划：接下来会逐步发布跨入人工智能的系列博文，敬请期待

• Python零基础快速入门系列

• 快速入门Python数据科学系列

• 人工智能开发环境搭建系列

• 机器学习系列

• 物体检测快速入门系列

• 自动驾驶物体检测系列

• ......

@[toc]

1. 概述

tensorflow object detection api一个框架，它可以很容易地构建、训练和部署对象检测模型，并且是一个提供了众多基于COCO数据集、Kitti数据集、Open Images数据集、AVA v2.1数据集和iNaturalist物种检测数据集上提供预先训练的对象检测模型集合。

kites_detections_output

tensorflow object detection api是目前最主流的目标检测框架之一，主流的目标检测模型如图所示：

snipaste20220513_094828

2. 预置条件

为了顺利按照本手册安装tensroflow object detection api，请参考Windows部署Docker GPU深度学习开发环境安装必备的工具。

若自行创建安装条件，请确保已经满足以下条件

• 支持python3.8以上版本

• 支持cuda、cudnn（可选）

• 支持git

本手册使用docker运行环境。

3. 安装步骤

3.1 Docker环境

3.1.1 启动docker

启动docker桌面客户端，如图所示：

1

3.1.2 启动容器

在windows平台可以启动命令行工具或者windows terminal工具(App Store下载)，这里使用terminal工具。

输入以下命令，查看当前存在的images列表

PS C:\Users\xxxxx> docker imagesREPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZEdocker/getting-started   latest              bd9a9f733898   5 weeks ago   28.8MBtensorflow/tensorflow    2.8.0-gpu-jupyter   cc9a9ae2a5af   6 weeks ago   5.99GB

可以看到之前安装的tensorflow-2.8.0-gpu-jupyter镜像，现在基于这个镜像启动容器

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'

命令释义：docker run：表示基于镜像启动容器 --gpus all：不加此选项,nvidia-smi命令会不可用 -i: 交互式操作。-t: 终端。-d:后台运行，需要使用【docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash】进入容器 -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/:将windows平台的e:/dockerdir/docker_work/目录映射到docker的ubuntu系统的/home/zhou/目录下，实现windows平台和docker系统的文件共享 -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006：表示将windows系统的8888、6006端口映射到docker的8888、6006端口，这两个端口分别为jupyter notebook和tensorboard的访问端口 --ipc=host:用于多个容器之间的通讯 cc9a9ae2a5af:tensorflow-2.8.0-gpu-jupyter镜像的IMAGE ID jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/': docker开机启动命令，这里启动jupyter

3.1.3 使用vscode访问docker container

启动vscode后，选择docker工具栏，在启动的容器上，右键选择附着到VsCode

2

3.1.4 更换docker容器ubuntu系统的安装源为国内源

在vscode软件界面上，选择【文件】-【打开文件夹】，选择根目录【/】，找到【/etc/apt/sources.list】,将ubuntu的安装源全部切换为aliyun源，具体操作为：将【archive.ubuntu.com】修改为【mirrors.aliyun.com】即可，修改后如下：

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse

• 执行如下命令，更新配置

apt-get update;apt-get -f install; apt-get upgrade

• 更多aliyun的源配置访问：阿里云安装源传送门

3.1.5 验证GPU是否加载成功（在电脑有Nvidia显卡的情况下）

• 输入nvidia-smi查看GPU使用情况，nvcc -V查询cuda版本

root@cc58e655b170:/home/zhou# nvidia-smiTue Mar 22 15:08:57 2022       +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+| NVIDIA-SMI 470.85       Driver Version: 472.47       CUDA Version: 11.4     ||-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC || Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. ||                               |                      |               MIG M. ||===============================+======================+======================||   0  NVIDIA GeForce ...  Off  | 00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A || N/A   48C    P8     9W /  N/A |    153MiB /  6144MiB |    ERR!      Default ||                               |                      |                  N/A |+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+                                                                               +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Processes:                                                                  ||  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory ||        ID   ID                                                   Usage      ||=============================================================================||  No running processes found                                                 |+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+root@cc58e655b170:/home/zhou# nvcc -Vnvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driverCopyright (c) 2005-2021 NVIDIA CorporationBuilt on Sun_Feb_14_21:12:58_PST_2021Cuda compilation tools, release 11.2, V11.2.152Build cuda_11.2.r11.2/compiler.29618528_0

从nvcc -V的日志，可以看出cuda版本为11.2

• 输入以下命令，查询cuDNN版本

python -c "import tensorflow as tf;print(tf.reduce_sum(tf.random.normal([1000, 1000])))"

输出结果如下：

root@cc58e655b170:/usr# python -c "import tensorflow as tf;print(tf.reduce_sum(tf.random.normal([1000, 1000])))"2022-03-22 15:26:13.281719: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1525] Created device /job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:0 with 3951 MB memory:  -> device: 0, name: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1660 Ti, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0, compute capability: 7.5tf.Tensor(-2613.715, shape=(), dtype=float32)

从输出日志，可以看到GPU：NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1660 Ti已经加载到docker，cuDNN版本为7.5

3.2 Windows开发环境

同Docker环境，验证cuda和cuDNN安装情况。

3.3 下载tensorflow object detection api项目源码

• 在home/zhou目录下创建tensorflow的目录

cd /home/zhou; mkdir tensorflow; cd tensorflow

• 下载源码

git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git

下载完毕后，默认文件名名称为models-master, 将文件名重命名为models,保持文件名和平台一致

mv models-matser models

如果网速不好，直接下载zip压缩包吧

3

下载完毕后的文档结构如图所示：

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'0

3.4 安装配置protobuf

Tensorflow对象检测API使用Protobufs来配置模型和训练参数。在使用框架之前，必须下载并编译Protobuf库。

• 回到用户目录

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'1

• 下载protobuf 这里下载的已经预编译好的protobuf

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'2

• 解压 先执行mkdir protoc-3.19.4创建目录，然后执行unzip protoc-3.19.4-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc-3.19.4/解压到制定目录protoc-3.19.4

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'3

• 配置protoc 在~/.bashrc文件的末尾添加如下代码

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'4

执行如下命令，使其生效

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'5

执行echo $PATH查看是否生效

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'6

可以看到protoc的安装目录/home/zhou/protoc-3.19.4/bin已经添加到PATH了。

3.5 将proto后缀文件转换为python可识别格式

• 切换目录

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'1/tensorflow/models/research/

• 查看转换前的目录文件列表

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'8

•

4

转换proto文件格式为python可识别序列化文件

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'9

• 转换后，如下所示

docker run --gpus all -itd -v e:/dockerdir/docker_work/:/home/zhou/ -p 8888:8888 -p 6006:6006 --ipc=host cc9a9ae2a5af  jupyter notebook --no-browser --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --NotebookApp.token= --notebook-dir='/home/zhou/'8

5

3.6 安装coco api

从TensorFlow 2.x开始, pycocotools包被列为对象检测API的依赖项。理想情况下，这个包应该在安装对象检测API时安装，如下面安装对象检测API一节所述，但是由于各种原因，安装可能会失败，因此更简单的方法是提前安装这个包，在这种情况下，稍后的安装将被跳过。

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse1

默认指标是基于Pascal VOC评估中使用的那些指标。要使用COCO对象检测指标，在配置文件的eval_config消息中添加metrics_set: "coco_detection_metrics"。要使用COCO实例分割度量，在配置文件的eval_config消息中添加metrics_set: "coco_mask_metrics"。

3.7 安装object detection api

• 当前的工作路径应为

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse2

• 安装object detection api

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse3

安装过程会持续一段时间，安装完毕后，可以执行如下代码，测试安装是否完成。

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse4

输出如下：

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partnerdeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universe# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse5

看到结果为OK,则表示安装成功，接下来就可以开始物体检测之旅了。

• 《物体检测快速入门系列》快速导航：

• 物体检测快速入门系列(1)-基于Tensorflow2.x Object Detection API构建自定义物体检测器

• 物体检测快速入门系列(2)-Windows部署GPU深度学习开发环境

• 物体检测快速入门系列(3)-Windows部署Docker GPU深度学习开发环境

• 物体检测快速入门系列(4)-TensorFlow 2.x Object Detection API快速安装手册

原文：https://juejin.cn/post/7101664327416938510